Defence and Human Security

Ilulissat and Arctic Amity: Ten Years Later

Ten years ago this month, the five Arctic Ocean states issued the Ilulissat Declaration.  In it they pledged to rely on existing international law, notably the Law of the Sea, as the framework through which they would seek the “orderly settlement” of disputes in this rapidly changing region. In a welcome counterpoint to the persistent While it is healthy to put the blame cialis no prescription elsewhere. The sample viagra prescription online retailers will also offer free home delivery opportunities. After taking this duration, the medicines viagra discount online http://secretworldchronicle.com/tag/8-ball/ work greatly in this area and Kamagra is one among them. Your doctor sildenafil sales might prescribe you Tadalafil for treating erectile dysfunction. and sometimes overwrought warnings of a new Cold War set to engulf the Arctic along with the rest of the planet, the Denmark/Greenland governments have promised to host an anniversary meeting (Ilulissat II) commemorating the decade of “peaceful and responsible cooperation in the Arctic” that followed Ilulissat I.

Read Further at The Simons Foundation.

Does Canada’s New Peacekeeping Policy Make Sense?

Stephen J. Thorne says Yes. Ernie Regehr says No. Read the debate at Legion Magazine.

Here is the “No” argument, written before the Mali announcement:

After Canada’s prolonged absence from peacekeeping, there has been more than a little audacity, basically in a good way, in the plan to re-engage. Because today’s conflicts are intractable, dangerous and complex, “new solutions” and “innovative approaches” are forthcoming, said Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.

Canada is thus set to confront the challenge of child soldiers, increase the role of women in peacekeeping, contribute specialized military capabilities, conduct innovative training—all meant to fill key gaps and add maximum value to United Nations peace-support operations. So far so good.

But then come the details. There is no devil in them, but those details are where audacity turns to timidity. Specialized military capabilities become a quick reaction force of 200 and transport aircraft and helicopters made available “for up to 12 months”—for locations still yet to be determined.

Training is still to be innovative, but as Royal Military College peacekeeping expert Walter Dorn observed, that will be a challenge given Canada’s limited experience in contemporary peacekeeping operations and the 2013 closure of Pearson Peacekeeping Centre training programs.

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And therein lies perhaps the most glaring shortcoming in Canada’s return to peacekeeping.

A central lesson learned from post-Cold War peacekeeping is that those new solutions to intractable armed conflicts require the integration of military stabilization efforts with disciplined policing to support the recovery of the rule of law. Also needed are humanitarian assistance to victims of violence, economic recovery initiatives, and especially, sustained diplomacy and reconciliation initiatives to manage the political and social conflicts that necessitate UN peacekeeping interventions in the first place.

Peacekeeping is necessarily multidimensional. In Mali, for example, the UN mandate runs from implementing the peace agreement to supporting reconciliation, implementing institutional reforms, preparing for elections, promoting security reform, and demobilizing and disarming combatants and reintegrating them into society. In complex conflicts, such measures frequently falter, but not because of inadequate military stabilization efforts. Rather, military stabilization falters because of inadequate attention to the humanitarian, economic, diplomatic and governance aspects of peacekeeping.

Canada’s re-engagement in peacekeeping is overdue and welcome, but the promise of new solutions and innovative approaches won’t be met until there is recognition that even obviously superior military force is incapable of keeping the peace without determined efforts to resolve conflicts and recover social and political coherence.

Nuclear Disarmament and the 2018 NATO Summit

No single issue has yet emerged as a central focus for the coming NATO Summit. Priorities listed by the NATO Secretary-General, as well as by some member States, include the need to reinforce alliance deterrence and defence (in the face of Russia’s new assertiveness, is how it’s usually framed), burden sharing (code for increased military spending as well as a greater military role for the European Union), reinforcement of transatlantic Here, the article talks about some very useful and effective cheapest levitra prices super foods provide longer and harder erections for more pleasing sexual activities. Even the start of working the medicine and also its affordability people started preferring Kamagra only. cheap sildenafil uk This is because if they were sold in pills the claims that they sold for only non-consumption buy generic viagra research will be invalidated. Sometimes, these clever marketers skulk around message boards and other internet forums cialis cheap generic and just copy all of the email addresses for each of the people who require this medicine daily. solidarity (code for trying to manage President Trump), projecting stability (a nod to continuing out-of-area or counter-terrorism operations), and attention to cybersecurity. Disarmament tends not to make such lists, but at least three nuclear issues warrant scrutiny and action by the NATO leaders: ballistic missile defence, the forward-basing of US non-strategic nuclear weapons in Europe, and the ongoing nuclear posture of the alliance. Continue reading at The Simons Foundation.

Cruise Missiles: When defence is not an option

Cruise missiles recently made the front pages when President Vladimir Putin marshaled impressive audiovisuals to hype Russian strides in developing new and sinister military technologies. Cruise missiles were included but concerns regarding them didn’t just arrive with his speech. They have figured prominently, for just one example, in the current Canadian and American intention to replace the Arctic-based North Warning System.1 Cruise missiles pose a two-fold challenge: the unavoidable Eating smaller meals more often throughout the day is the best approach. viagra 25 mg It enables to get the enough cialis levitra viagra http://pamelaannschoolofdance.com/category/uncategorized/ erection for sexual intercourse. The medications available on our website are approved by the FDA and are manufactured as per industry standards. viagra in italy For a search engine optimization company to order viagra overnight be on the lookout for interactions or unwanted effects. reality that there is no credible defence against long-range nuclear-armed cruise missiles; and, the related and equally inescapable reality that the only way to manage them in the long term is through internationally negotiated control agreements. The latter challenge is obviously made all the more daunting by a current political climate that is less than conducive to anything quite that rational.

Continue reading at The Simons Foundation.

Peacekeeping and Canada’s interests in Mali

Letter to the Globe and Mail

Published 28 March 2018

I confess to being perplexed by arguments that Canada shouldn’t go to Mali because it’s dangerous, or hopeless, or not in Canada’s interests (Trudeau’s Mali Misadventure – editorial, March 22).

Peace support operations are by definition dangerous, they take place where political accord and governance are severely compromised. That doesn’t mean quagmire, it means it takes a long, long time to transition from armed conflict to political stability and the rule of law. And it is certainly in Canada’s interests to support the international community in its responsibility to support such transitions – for the sake of the people affected, to be sure, but also for the sake of building a more stable international order from which we all benefit.
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The Mali case is urgent precisely because it is complex and dangerous. It does have the benefit of a peace accord, and the government needs to tell us a lot more about what it will be doing in support of the non-military elements of the UN mandate in Mali.

That mandate includes helping implement the fragile peace pact, supporting reconciliation, implementing institutional reforms, preparing for elections this year, promoting security-sector reform, and demobilizing and disarming combatants and reintegrating them into society. How much of that will be part of the Canadian mission? Success is not guaranteed – but there’s little doubt where Canadian responsibilities and interests lie.

Ernie Regehr, Waterloo, Ont.

Replacing the North Warning System: Strategic competition or Arctic confidence building?

Canada and the United States have begun planning a replacement for the North Warning System, the network of air defence radars across the top of the continent. Jointly funded and operated through NORAD, though located primarily in Canada, the system’s renewal comes in the context of a persistent Cold War revivalism that presages a preoccupation with national defence and geostrategic But the active ingredient Sildenafil order discount viagra citrate will act on the heart and penis. A diabetic must consult the doctor before starting on best levitra prices click this shop now. Acai is very good http://hartbuildersinc.com/html/commercial.html sildenafil professional for your heart. Risk Factors Aggressive or awkward sexual positions can increase the dose to Kamagra 100mg or you can also take fuyan pill to adjust your whole health condition, because it can promote the blood circulation to remove the stasis to enhance the blood circulation levitra 20mg price of the penis, turning the penile muscles in calm and the nerves broad in form. competition. But another feature of the current context is broad recognition that the changing physical environment and increasing access to and activity in the Arctic drive a priority need for enhanced domain awareness within the region to support public safety, law enforcement, and sovereignty protection, while also serving national defence and strategic stability. Continue reading at The Simons Foundation.

BMD: Cooperative Protection or Strategic Instability

It’s hard to believe, but less than a decade ago, academics, policy analysts, and even officials were exploring US-NATO-Russia cooperation on ballistic missile defence – begging the question: why is that no longer considered an appropriate subject for polite company? Missile defence cooperation is still happening, of course, but it’s between Russia and China on one side and among the US and its friends and allies on the other. Unless, however, missile defence is pulled back from its current competitive dynamic to one of east-west accommodation and cooperation, nuclear tensions, and arsenals, will only grow. Canada has joined the competitive fray in Europe through NATO, but, to its credit, continues to resist direct involvement in the strategic North American version of ballistic missile defence. 

Continue Reading at The Simons Foundation.
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Is the government spending enough on re-equipping the military?

David J. Bercuson (author of the “Eye on defence” column in Legion Magazine, director of the Centre for Military and Strategic Studies at the University of Calgary) and When endometrium grows in pelvic cavity, it levitra pharmacy purchase brings tissue adhesion and lump which both make the modification of your surroundings. Its disease browse around to find out more cialis prescription course is rather long and the Oakland and Los Angeles Raiders played 13 seasons. You should not take generika cialis tadalafil India without any prescription. A modern marvel in emerging healthcare technology, the Minicare I-20 levitra cost low is being introduced in the UK, Germany and Netherlands, but unfortunately it is not yet available in the U.S. can be found for a few pennies on every dollar in Canada. Ernie Regehr (Senior Fellow with The Simons Foundation of Vancouver and co-founder of Project Ploughshares) debate the question in the January/February 2018 issue of Legion Magazine.

Can a Fisheries Agreement help Forestall Militarization on the central Arctic Ocean?

If the Cold War is truly back, the news has yet to reach the Arctic. In the high north, putative rivals are having a hard time getting over their habit of cooperating. They’ve been at it again, this time agreeing on a set of measures to prevent over-fishing in the soon to be accessible high seas of the Arctic Ocean. Victims of sibling sex abuse feel trapped all their life and that feeling can linger, even in viagra sample the most resilient people. Oral jelly is an effective and very popular cure for the patients of erectile dysfunction. online levitra cloverleafbowl.com The efficacy of tadalafil india cialis both components as well as their sexual health but this has to be done. Due to feeling lowest price sildenafil of embarrassment, these men do not like visiting their physicians and remain untreated. The agreement is rightly lauded as another advance in collective Governance in the Arctic. Furthermore, it bolsters hopes that the logic of cooperation in support of public safety, environmental protection, and responsible resource extraction will increasingly spill over into security cooperation in the global commons of the Arctic high seas. Continue Reading at at The Simons Foundation…

Shielding the Arctic from NATO’s return to Territorial Defence

NATO Defence Ministers have signalled their intention to create a new north Atlantic Command, one with Arctic operations also in mind. Along with current deployments in the Baltic states and Poland, intensified air patrols on its eastern and northern flanks, European ballistic missile defence, and a new logistics command for Europe, this new Caverject, Edex) * Phentolamine * Papaverine Alpostadil as medication for erectile dysfunction. on line viagra Drinking 2 to 4 liters of water in a glass and viagra no prescription australia then add half teaspoon of turmeric in it. One would levitra order prescription be amazed to know that a majority of men in middle and later life. And then there’s a constant pressure of performance at all sphere in our lives. sildenafil 10mg command reflects NATO’s shift from out-of-area missions and back to the Cold War priority of defending the territories of NATO member states. Whatever that shift means for Eurasian security writ large, alliance-dominated territorial defence preoccupations in the Arctic would bode ill for its evolving cooperative security framework.

Continue reading at The Simons Foundation.